Traffic is influenced by the development of almost every economic branch. Economic growth necessarily evolves increase of the road freight traffic intensity. This is negatively connected to the increasing load of the environment. The car industry invests huge means to development of new technologies, new vehicles have significantly lower fuel consumption, and also noisiness and vibrations were eliminated. As a result, at the end of the nineties of the last century, the environmental pollution was lowered. Legislation for the road traffic becomes strict. The EU has elaborated the traffic policy (White book) inspired by the conception of sustainable development. The State Traffic Policy of the SR has to reflect this reality and conception; otherwise road policy would become the brake of sustainable development of our society. With respect to the White book, published by the EC in 2001, the transport companies in Europe expect more difficult conditions for their business. The aim of the European traffic policy is to disburden the load of many narrow roads and to improve European infrastructure. As direct or indirect consequences will be the support to other means of traffic. The car and freight traffic is going through basic changes, leading to decrease of their negative impacts on the environment as well as to decrease of traffic accidents as well. The contribution points at this development in the EU and in the Slovak Republic as well.