During 1986-1998, systematic investigations were carried out on arachnoentomocoenoses within birch stands in six localities of air-polluted region of Northern Bohemia (the Czech Republic). As a model group for biodiversity estimation, 8383 bug specimens belonging to 110 species were used. On the basis of identity indices and by cluster analysis, qualitative and quantitative differences of taxocoenoses were proven. Differences were also found in biodiversity measures (biodiversity indices, analysis of cumulative species-abundance curve, species-abundance models) between individual localities. The zoophagous part of community is noted for a higher evenness than the phytophagous species group; regarding biodiversity, both community components do not depend on each other. Biodiversity measures were divided on the basis of correlation analysis into three groups: species richness indices, species-abundance heterogeneity measures and dominance based indices. Advantages and limits of individual biodiversity measures are discussed.