All levels of trampling reduced species diversity (except typical dwarf pine stands). As far as their quantitative proportion is concerned, (Hills index) however, it first declines in forest communities and in typical dwarf pine stands, subsequently rising slightly. Trampling pressure causes an increase of filiphyllous and a decrease of graminoid plants (with the exception of dwarf pine and forb spruce forest). There is also a shift in other categories such as leaf longevity and consistency. The overall diversity of leaf shape and size is also reduced.