A special position among the historical landscape structures belongs to historical structures of agricultural landscape (HSAL). In 2009 – 2011, within international project “Research and maintaining of biodiversity in historical structures of agricultural landscape of Slovakia“, team from Institute of Landscape Ecology of SAS led by Marta Dobrovodská realized the inventory of HSAL based on the countryside mapping. The outcomes of the fild mapping and identifiation of HSAL was the database of HSAL and their typifiation for whole Slovakia. As well as the detailed interdisciplinary research of HSAL in pilot areas – Svätý Jur town, Hriňová town and Liptovská Teplička village focused on investigation of biodiversity and ecological conditions – abiotic factors and land use, socio-economic phenomena and sociological research – was realized. The pilot areas represent basic types of HSAL in Slovakia – viticulture landscape, meadow-pasture landscape and agricultural landscape with dispersed settements. Based on research results and their synthetic evaluation a strategy for protection and management of HSAL was prepared.