This paper presents results in accordance with the 7th Framework Programme of EU OpenNESS; focused on the Slovak case study of the Trnava town and its functional area. The main objective of the case study is to evaluate the current state of the ecosystem services framework implemented in Slovakia and proposal of appropriate methods for landscape and spatial planning on local and regional levels for urban and peri-urban areas. The overall evaluation of the Slovak ecosystem services (ES) concept implementation is based on the following: review of the related national regulatory frameworks (12 key documents), review of key regional and local planning and strategic documents (3 documents for the region, 8 documents for the Trnava town and over 50 documents for surrounding municipalities) and interviews with representatives of key stakeholders and focus groups. The policy and strategic documents were assessed from the perspective of the ES concept with the following criteria; relationship to the three main ES groups (provisioning ES, regulating and maintenance ES and cultural ES), the impact of the document’s implementation, complexity of the framework, a multi-sectorial approach and use of valuation methods. The key findings confirm the overall low level of the ES concept understanding and implementation in Slovakia. The territorial planning documentation usually does not include environmental components which are often considered an obstacle to planning. Furthermore, there is insufficient financial support for implementing environmental measures and actions. Our research outcomes contribute to promotion of the ES valuation processes, especially those linked to decision making and spatial planning. Finally, the authors argue for explicit inclusion of the ES concept in environmental legislation and policy and reflection of this concept in related sectorial policies so that these policies will be harmonised at all spatial levels.