Common vole is an important element of the agricultural landscape ecosystems. Since the 90s monitoring of this species is not realized in Slovakia, during the gradation phase causes damage to agricultural crops throughout its distribution area. Between 2015 and 2019, we implemented monitoring of the common vole population in the Trnava Region using both direct and indirect methods. During this monitoring, we recorded several phases of the common vole population cycle. After culmination in 2014, our monitoring showed another gradation phase of the common vole in 2019, with the annual peak of oscillation in the autumn period. The results also emphasize the importance of field edges as refuges for common vole after agrotechnical interventions. Based on five-year monitoring, our experience and recommendations are discussed at the end of the paper.