: Environmental quality is affected by a number of factors. Some of them increase the quality (factors related to the development of positive socio-economic phenomena in the country), other so-called stress factors, lower the environmental quality. These are mainly negative impacts resulting from the development of economic sectors that with their operation and also spatial aspects affecting the qualitative and quantitative indicators of landscape components and elements. The paper is aimed at assessing the impact of nine selected economic sectors on environmental quality in rural communities of Trnava district as perceived by mayors of the evaluated villages. The resulting rating is the summary of responses to determine the severity of the negative impact of industry, energetics, agriculture, forestry, water management, intensive transport, waste management, construction and urbanization and intensive recreation on environmental quality and human health in model settlements.