The aim of the paper is to present landscape-ecological problems rising in the territory with spatial collision of positive socio-economic phenomena and the stress factors. Positive socio-economic phenomena in a territory are often the most valuable elements of the existing landscape structure. The point is to assess their legal status concerning nature conservation, natural, cultural, and historical sources. Negative socioeconomic phenomena which represent the stress factors are results of requests, claims and pressures of human activities in landscape, its components and elements. Landscape-ecological problems were assessed based on example of the district Trnava. Measures aimed at elimination were proposed to the identified particular problems. Realisation of the proposed measures will contribute to increased ecological stability, biodiversity and landscape diversity, as well as to the rational use of natural resources, protection of cultural and historical resources, bio-cultural assets and improvement of the environmental quality for local population. Specified landscape-ecological problems and proposed measures were applied to the elaboration of the Regional Territorial System of Ecological Stability for the district Trnava in 2019.