The main goals of the landscape planning ought to be harmonic development and purposeful optimisation of the relation between the man and nature in a given space, as well as conservation and support of an identity of the landscape and of the man in it. At present, the landscape planning is missing in the Czech Republic and such situation produces problems in the field of landscape protection. In the contribution the main reasons are presented for the completion of the spatial planning system in the Czech Republic as well as for the implementation of the landscape plan into the practice. The authors define the basic components of the landscape plan and suggest its position in the whole system of the landscape management. Article is supplemented by the short information on the Landscape plan Mikulov. This document, carried out upon the order of the town of Mikulov and co-financed from the INTERREG IIIA programme, can be considered a pilot project, which aims at the testing of the methodological potential of landscape plan preparation, and its implementation to the general process of landscape management.