This article deals with various possibilities of the occurrence of a residential fire. It describes toxic properties of materials which can occur from a fire of house facilities. It is concerned not only with their listing but also with their particular effects on health and life. The authors point at the fact that toxic properties of fire relate always to one chemical material. In combustion products can be found the mentioned toxic materials together or only some of them. The consequent lethal concentration is the result of certain chemical substances acting together. This concentration is often dangerously low. Further they give an instigation how to handle with dangerous substances and how to prevent from a fire.